Περιγραφή
Intravitreal injections have become a common treatment method for the management of retinal diseases. The procedure is simple, performed with local anaesthetic.
This book is a comprehensive guide to intravitreal injections for practising ophthalmologists. Divided into twelve chapters, it examines methods of injection and appropriate drugs for different ocular disorders. Each technique is described in detail, with discussion on complications and recommendations included.
This practical guide features more than 90 images and also includes a chapter on counselling and consent forms.
Key points
- Practical guide to intravitreal injections for ophthalmologists
- Covers variety of different techniques and drugs
- Features more than 90 images
- Includes chapter on counselling and consent forms
Περιεχόμενα
1. Enzymatic Vitreolysis 1
Anand Partani, Raja Narayanan
• Plasmin 2
• Ocriplasmin 2
• Dispase 3
• Urea (Vitreosolve) 3
• Hyaluronidase 4
• Chondroitinase 4
• Nattokinase 4
• Future Directions 5
2. Intracameral Triamcinolone 7
Abhay R Vasavada, Sajani K Shah, Vaishali Vasavada
• Intraocular Triamcinolone in Adult Cataract
Surgery 7
• Intraocular Triamcinolone in Pediatric Cataract
Surgery 8
• Injecting Preservative-Free Triamcinolone
acetonide 9
• Benefits 13
• Concerns 14
3. Intravitreal Triamcinolone Injection 16
Arvind Kumar Dubey, Benu Dubey
• Brief History and Indications 16
• Clinical Applications 16
• Complications of Intravitreal Injection of
Triamcinolone 26
4. Intravitreal Antibiotics 30
Radhika M, Kopal Mithal, Animesh Jindal, Avinash Pathengay
• Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of
Intravitreal Antibiotics 31
5. Avastin and Lucentis and their Role in Vitreoretinal Diseases 38
P Mahesh Shanmugam, Rajesh Ramanjulu
• Pathological Role: Retinal Neovascularization 39
• Role of Anti-VEGF in Vitreoretinal Disorders 40
• Treatment Protocols: Primarily designed for AMD 44
• Ranibizumab: Treat-and-Extend Regimen 47
• Bevacizumab: As-Needed Regimen 47
• Bevacizumab: Treat-and-ExtendRegimen 48
• Optical Coherence Tomography 49
• Neovascular Glaucoma 54
• Retinopathy of Prematurity 55
• Idiopathic Macular Telangiectasia 56
• VEGF in Inflammatory Diseases of Eye 56
6. Intravitreal Ozurdex 63
Mangat R Dogra, Pooja Bansal
• Pharmacokinetics 63
• Retinal Venous Occlusions 64
• Diabetic Macular Edema 65
• Noninfectious Uveitis 66
• Adjunct to Cataract Surgery 66
• Exudative Age-related Macular Degeneration
(ARMD) 67
• Technique of Intravitreal Injection 67
• Adverse Effects 72
• Contraindications 72
7. Macugen 74
Indu Singh, Kiran Duggal
• Aptamers 74
• Pegaptanib, the VEGF-A Aptamer 75
• Mechanism of Action 75
• Role of Macugen in Ocular Neovascular
Conditions 76
8. Intraocular Dyes 87
Dhananjay Shukla
• History 87
• Scope of Application 88
• Safety Issues 89
• Current Use of Dyes 91
9. Complications of Intravitreal Injections 99
NS Muralidhar, Rajiv M Gandhi
• Complications Related to the Technique/
Procedure 100
• Complications Related to the Agent Drug 105
10. Intravitreal Injection: Technique 117
Shalabh Sinha
• Anesthesia 117
• Antibiotic Drops 118
• PREP 119
• Technique of Injection 121
• Postoperative Monitoring 124
• Technique of Intravitreal Injection 124
11. Counseling and Consent Forms for Intravitreal Injections 136
Mallika Goyal
• Counseling for Anti-VEGF Injections 136
• Counseling for Steroid Injections 138
• Consent Form for Intravitreal Anti-VEGF
Injections 139
• Consent Form for Intravitreal Steroid Injections 139
12. Newer Treatments in Wet Age-related Macular Degeneration 140
Lalit Verma, Arindam Chakravarti
• Newer Drugs 140
• Role of Platelet-derived Growth Factor 141
• Advances in Dry Age-related Macular
Degeneration 147
Index 153
