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Cawson’s Essentials of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, 10th Edition

ISBN: 9780323935494
ISBN: 9780323935494
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Περιγραφή

The tenth edition of this core textbook will prepare the reader to diagnose and treat many different diseases and disorders that they may not have encountered in person before.

The text integrates oral medicine, pathology, and surgical and drug treatment, allowing the reader to apply diagnostic algorithms and develop the key understanding they will need to apply theory to clinical practice.

Originally published in 1962, Cawson’s Essentials of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine continues to offer its trademark easy-to-read style, a world-class collection of photographs showing oral conditions, and the latest evidence and guidelines to support safe clinical practice.

New to this edition
  • New chapters on pathological and diagnostic aspects of cosmetic procedures
  • New section on respiratory disease including COVID-19; other new diseases such as MPox included
  • Chapter listing adverse events
  • Information on genetic causes of diseases and tumours, along with novel treatments
  • Information on periodontal diseases completely revised and updated in the light of recent research
  • New and extra images included throughout
Key Features
  • Thoroughly updated to include new guidelines, oral diseases and treatments including the new WHO Classification of Tumours 2022 terminology
  • Friendly, accessible writing style provides ready access to essential information
  • Flow charts to guide the reader thorough the process of differential diagnosis for a range of conditions
  • Evidenced-based throughout to help facilitate safe clinical practice
  • Self-assessment to support understanding and problem solving
  • Summary charts to aid learning and revision

Περιεχόμενα

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Dedication
Copyright
Preface
References
Chapter 1. Principles of investigation, diagnosis and treatment
Taking a history
Clinical examination
Medical examination
Clinical differential diagnosis
Investigations
Section 1. Hard tissue pathology
Chapter 2. Disorders of tooth development
Abnormalities in the number of teeth
Defective enamel formation
Defective dentine formation
Defects of enamel and dentine
Other systemic diseases affecting teeth
Extrinsic agents affecting teeth
Odontomes and minor tooth anomalies
Disorders of eruption
Chapter 3. Disorders of development
Clefts of lip or palate
Other facial clefts
Stafne’s idiopathic bone cavity
Hereditary prognathism
Ankyloglossia
Cowden’s syndrome
Other craniofacial malformations
Chapter 4. Dental caries
Aetiology
Bacterial plaque
Microbiology
Sucrose
Susceptibility of teeth to caries
Saliva and dental caries
Pathology of enamel caries
Pathology of dentine caries
Clinical aspects of caries pathology
Chapter 5. Pulpitis and apical periodontitis
Pulpitis
Pulp calcifications
Periapical periodontitis, abscess and granuloma
Acute apical periodontitis
Acute apical (dentoalveolar) abscess
Chronic apical periodontitis and periapical granuloma
Chapter 6. Tooth wear, resorption, hypercementosis and osseointegration
Tooth wear
Bruxism
Resorption of teeth
Hypercementosis
Pathology of osseointegration
Chapter 7. Periodontal diseases
The normal periodontal tissues
Classification of periodontal diseases
Gingivitis
Periodontitis
Severe periodontitis
Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic conditions
Periodontal (lateral) abscess
Acute pericoronitis
Gingival recession
Necrotising periodontal diseases
Periodontitis in HIV infection
Gingival enlargement
Localised juvenile spongiotic gingivitis
Foreign body gingivitis
Plasminogen deficiency gingivitis
Other inflammatory gingival swelling
Chapter 8. Osteomyelitis, osteitis and osteonecrosis of the jaws
Normal healing of an extraction socket
Alveolar osteitis
Osteomyelitis of the jaws
Acute osteomyelitis
Chronic osteomyelitis
Diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis
Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis
Chronic low-grade focal osteomyelitis and sclerosing osteitis
Osteoradionecrosis
Proliferative periostitis
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ)
Traumatic sequestrum
Chapter 9. Major infections of the mouth and face
Periapical (dentoalveolar) abscess
Collateral oedema
‘Fascial’ or tissue space infections
Facial cellulitis
Facial abscess
Antibiotic abscess
Necrotising fasciitis
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Noma (cancrum oris, necrotising stomatitis)
Actinomycosis
The systemic mycoses
Systemic infections by oral bacteria
Chapter 10. Cysts in and around the jaw
Classification of cysts
Common features of jaw cysts
Treatment of jaw cysts
Treatment of soft tissue cysts
Odontogenic cysts
Inflammatory collateral cysts
Dentigerous cysts
Eruption cyst
Odontogenic keratocyst
Orthokeratinised odontogenic cyst
Lateral periodontal and botryoid odontogenic cysts
Glandular odontogenic cyst
Calcifying odontogenic cyst
Carcinoma arising in odontogenic cysts
Gingival cyst of the newborn
Gingival cyst of adults
Non-odontogenic cysts
Surgical ciliated cyst
Nasolabial cyst
Sublingual dermoid cyst
Thyroglossal duct cyst
Branchial cyst
Foregut cyst
Other cysts in other chapters
Chapter 11. Odontogenic tumours and related jaw lesions
Pathogenesis of odontogenic tumours
Benign epithelial tumours
Squamous odontogenic tumour
Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour
Benign epithelial and mesenchymal tumours
Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma and fibro-odontome
Primordial odontogenic tumour
Odontomes (odontomas)
Calcifying odontogenic cyst
Dentinogenic ghost cell tumour
Benign mesenchymal tumours
Odontogenic fibroma
Odontogenic myxoma
Cementoblastoma
Cemento-ossifying fibroma
Malignant odontogenic tumours
Chapter 12. Non-odontogenic tumours of the jaws and facial skeleton
BENIGN MAXILLOFACIAL BONE AND CARTILAGE TUMOURS
Dense bone islands
Osteomas
GIANT CELL LESIONS OF BONE
Central giant cell granuloma
Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Cherubism
BONE CYSTS
FIBRO-OSSEOUS NEOPLASMS AND DYSPLASIAS
Cemento-osseous dysplasias
Ossifying fibromas
SOFT TISSUE TUMOURS IN THE JAWS
Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy
Ewing’s sarcoma
HAEMATOLOGICAL TUMOURS IN THE JAWS
Myeloma
Solitary plasmacytoma
Lymphoma
Primary malignant neoplasms of bone
Chondrosarcoma
Intraosseous rhabdomyosarcoma
Metastases to the jaws
Chapter 13. Inherited, metabolic and other non-neoplastic bone diseases
Inherited diseases of bone
Metabolic bone disease
Other bone diseases
Chapter 14. Disorders of the temporomandibular joints and trismus
Temporary limitation of movement
Persistent limitation of movement: extracapsular causes
Persistent limitation of movement: intracapsular causes
Limitation of movement: muscle causes
Pain referred to the joint
Dislocation
Section 2. Soft tissue disease
Chapter 15. Diseases of the oral mucosa: mucosal infections
Ulcers
Herpesvirus diseases
Primary herpetic stomatitis
Herpes labialis
Herpes zoster of the trigeminal nerve
Cytomegalovirus ulcers
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
Herpangina
Measles
Chicken pox
Mpox
Tuberculosis
Syphilis
Candidosis
Chapter 16. Diseases of the oral mucosa: non-infective stomatitis
Ulcers
Traumatic ulcers
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Behçet’s disease
HIV-associated oral ulcers
Nicorandil-induced ulcers
Miscellaneous mucosal ulcers
Lichen planus and similar conditions
‘Desquamative gingivitis’
Lichen planus
Lichenoid lesion
Lichenoid reactions
Graft-versus-host disease
Lupus erythematosus
Chronic ulcerative stomatitis
IMMUNOBULLOUS DISEASES
Pemphigus vulgaris
Mucous membrane pemphigoid
Toothpaste and mouthwash-induced epithelial peeling
Erythema multiforme
Stevens Johnson syndrome
Other mucosal allergic responses
Oral signs in reactive arthritis
Kawasaki’s disease (Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome)
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Chapter 17. Tongue disorders
Normal structures
Hamartomas and developmental anomalies
Erythema migrans
Lingual papillitis
Hairy tongue and black hairy tongue
Anaemic glossitis
Glossodynia and the sore, physically normal tongue
Macroglossia
Amyloidosis
Other diseases affecting the tongue
Chapter 18. Benign chronic white mucosal lesions
Fordyce spots
Leukoedema
Frictional keratosis
Cheek and tongue biting
Stomatitis nicotina
Oral hairy leukoplakia
White sponge naevus
Other keratin diseases
Candidosis
Oral keratosis of renal failure
Skin grafts
Psoriasis
Other white lesions
Chapter 19. Potentially malignant disorders
Erythroplakia
Speckled leukoplakia
Leukoplakia
Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia
Stomatitis nicotina
Smokeless tobacco-induced keratoses
Chronic hyperplastic candidosis
Oral submucous fibrosis
Lichen planus
Oral lichenoid lesion
Lupus erythematosus
Dyskeratosis congenita
HPV-associated dysplasia
Syphilitic leukoplakia
Management of potentially malignant disorders
Smoking cessation
Chapter 20. Oral cancer
Epidemiology
Aetiology
‘Early’ and ‘late’ oral carcinoma
Oral cancer distribution
Pathology
Management
Role of the dentist
Oral cancer screening
Verrucous carcinoma
Carcinoma cuniculatum
Diagnostic catches
Chapter 21. Other mucosal and lip carcinomas
Lip carcinoma
Human papillomavirus–associated oropharyngeal carcinomas
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Pseudocarcinomas and diagnostic catches
Chapter 22. Non-neoplastic diseases of salivary glands
Duct obstruction
Mucoceles and salivary cysts
Acute sialadenitis
Xerostomia
Sjögren’s syndrome
HIV-associated salivary gland disease
IgG4 related disease
Eosinophilic (allergic) sialadenitis
Necrotising sialometaplasia
Nodular oncocytic hyperplasia
Sarcoidosis
Sialadenosis
Other salivary gland disorders
Hypersalivation and drooling
Chapter 23. Salivary gland tumours
Salivary gland neoplasms
Benign tumours
Malignant salivary gland tumours
Metastatic neoplasms
Non-epithelial tumours
Intraosseous salivary gland tumours
Tumour-like salivary gland swellings
Chapter 24. Benign mucosal swellings
Fibroepithelial polyp, epulis and denture-induced granuloma
Papillary hyperplasia of the palate
Pyogenic granuloma and pregnancy epulis
Giant-cell epulis
Papillomas
Verruciform xanthoma
Calibre-persistent artery
Chapter 25. Soft tissue tumours
Benign tumours
Malignant connective tissue tumours
Chapter 26. Oral pigmented lesions
Diffuse mucosal pigmentation
Localised melanin pigmentation
Other localised pigmented lesions
Melanoma
Chapter 27. Cosmetic procedures
Tooth whitening
Tissue fillers
Botulinum toxin
Thread facelifts
Susuk needles
Body art
Section 3. Systemic disease in dentistry
Chapter 28. Anaemias, leukaemias and lymphomas
Anaemia
Sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait
The thalassaemias
Leukaemia
Lymphomas
Leukopenia and agranulocytosis
Chapter 29. Haemorrhagic disorders
Preoperative investigation
Management of prolonged dental bleeding
Blood vessel abnormalities
Purpura and platelet disorders
INHERITED Clotting disorders
Acquired clotting defects
Combined bleeding disorders
Plasminogen deficiency
Chapter 30. Immunodeficiency
Selective IgA deficiency
C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency
Leukopenia and agranulocytosis
Immunosuppressive treatment
Other organ transplants
HIV infection and AIDS
Oral lesions in HIV infection
Miscellaneous oral lesions
Oral adverse effects of ART
Risks of transmission of HIV infection to healthcare workers
Risks of transmission of HIV to patients
Chapter 31. Allergy, autoimmune and autoinflammatory disease
Allergic or hypersensitivity reactions
Mucosal allergic responses
Angio-oedema
Autoimmune diseases
Autoinflammatory diseases
Chapter 32. Cervical lymphadenopathy
Investigation
Tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy
Atypical mycobacterial infection
Sarcoidosis
Syphilis
Cat-scratch disease
Lyme disease
Infectious mononucleosis
HIV infection
Toxoplasmosis
Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (Kawasaki’s disease)
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy
Castleman’s disease
Drug-associated lymphadenopathy
Virchow’s node
Delphian node
Chapter 33. Cardiovascular disease
General aspects of management
Infective endocarditis
Prevention of endocarditis
Implanted cardiac devices
Chapter 34. Respiratory tract disease
Maxillary antrum disease
Acute sinusitis
Chronic sinusitis
Surgical damage to the maxillary antrum
Pneumatisation of the sinus
Aspiration of a tooth, root or instrument
Tuberculosis
Chronic obstructive airways disease
Asthma
Midfacial destructive lesions
Carcinoma of the antrum
Cystic fibrosis (mucoviscidosis)
Sleep apnoea syndrome
Viral pneumonia
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Chapter 35. Gastrointestinal and liver disease
Gastro-oesophageal reflux and gastric regurgitation
Coeliac disease
Crohn’s disease
Orofacial granulomatosis
Malabsorption syndromes
Ulcerative colitis
Intestinal polyposis syndromes
Antibiotic-associated colitis
Liver disease
Viral hepatitis
Chapter 36. Nutritional deficiencies
Vitamin deficiencies
Chapter 37. Endocrine disorders and pregnancy
Pituitary gigantism and acromegaly
Thyroid disease
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes
Diseases of the adrenal medulla
Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes
Diabetes mellitus
Pregnancy
Chapter 38. Renal disease
Chronic renal failure and dialysis
Renal transplantation
Chapter 39. Orofacial pain, headache and neurological disorders
Dental and periodontal pain
Pain in edentulous patients
Painful mucosal lesions
Pain in the jaws
Postsurgical pain and nerve damage
Pain induced by mastication
Pain from salivary glands
Neuralgia and neuropathy
Paraesthesia and anaesthesia of the lower lip
Facial palsy
Bell’s palsy
Headache
Disturbances of taste and smell
Epilepsy
Chapter 40. Physical and learning disability
Discrimination legislation
Learning disability
Behavioural disorders
Diseases causing physical impairments
Chapter 41. Mental health conditions
Pain without medical cause
Anxiety
Depression
Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
Psychoses
Chapter 42. Dentistry and older people
Dementia
Other systemic diseases
Oral disease in older people
Chapter 43. Complications of systemic drug treatment
Local analgesics with vasoconstrictors
Drug dependence and addiction
Chapter 44. Medical emergencies
Sudden loss of consciousness
Chest pain
Respiratory difficulty
Seizures
Other emergencies
Chapter 45. Adverse events in dentistry
Section 4. Learning guide and self-assessment questions
Chapter 46. Learning guide
Chapter 47. Self-assessment questions
Index