Περιεχόμενα
SECTION 1: NORMAL BREAST
Histology of Normal Breast
Breast Life Cycle Changes
SECTION 2: BREAST SPECIMENS
Breast Specimens Overview
Core Needle Biopsies
Excisions and Oncoplastic Surgery
Margins and Reexcisions
Mastectomies
Reduction Mammoplasties
Lymph Nodes
Intraoperative Consultation
SECTION 3: OVERVIEW
Papillary Lesions
Spindle Cell Lesions
Small Acinar Proliferations
Epithelial/Myoepithelial Lesions
Vascular and Pseudovascular Lesions
Lesions with Inflammatory Cells
Nipple Lesions
Iatrogenic Changes
Immunohistochemical Studies
SECTION 4: BENIGN CHANGES
Nonproliferative Changes
Columnar Cell Change, Columnar Cell Hyperplasia, and Flat Epithelial Atypia
Usual Ductal Hyperplasia
Sclerosing Adenosis
Radial Sclerosing Lesion/Radial Scar
Papilloma, Large Duct and Small Duct
Nipple Adenoma
Mucocele-Like Lesions
Collagenous Spherulosis
Juvenile Papillomatosis
Gynecomastia in Men and Gynecomastia-Like Changes in Women
Hamartoma (Fibroadenolipoma)
Syringomatous Tumor of the Nipple
Adenomyoepithelioma
Cystic Hypersecretory Lesions
Microglandular Adenosis
Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia
Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia
SECTION 5: CARCINOMAS
Risk Factors for Developing Carcinoma
Risk Factors for Developing Breast Carcinoma
Epidemiology: Lesions Conferring Increased Risk of Breast Carcinoma
Carcinoma In Situ
Lobular Carcinoma In Situ
Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, Paget Disease
Special Papillary Carcinomas
Encapsulated Papillary Carcinoma
Solid Papillary Carcinoma
INVASIVE CARCINOMA
Invasive Carcinoma: Histologic and Molecular Classifications
Male Breast Carcinoma
Histologic Types
Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type
Microinvasive Carcinoma
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma
Invasive Tubular Carcinoma and Invasive Cribriform Carcinoma
Invasive Mucinous (Colloid) Carcinoma
Invasive Papillary Carcinoma
Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma
Invasive Apocrine Carcinoma
Invasive Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
Invasive Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells
Metaplastic Carcinoma
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Secretory Carcinoma
Biologic Types
Luminal Carcinoma (ER Positive/HER2 Negative)
HER2-Positive Carcinoma
HER2-Low Breast Carcinoma
Triple Negative Breast Carcinomas and Basal-Like Carcinomas
SECTION 6: PROGNOSTIC AND PREDICTIVE FACTORS
Overview of Prognostic and Predictive Factors
AJCC Breast Cancer Staging
Anatomic Factors
Histologic Grade
Size and Multiple Foci
Lymphovascular Invasion
Inflammatory Carcinoma
Locally Advanced Carcinoma
Lymph Node Metastases
Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy
Locally Recurrent Carcinoma
Carcinoma with Extensive Intraductal Component
Molecular Factors
Hormone Receptors (ER/PR/AR)
HER2
Proliferation
DNA Analysis and Gene Copy Number Alterations
Circulating Tumor Cells, Circulating Tumor DNA, and Next-Generation Sequencing Immunotherapy
Expression Profiling, mRNA: Overview
Expression Profiling: Oncotype DX Assay
Expression Profiling: MammaPrint Assay
Expression Profiling: Prosigna
Expression Profiling: EndoPredict
Expression Profiling: Protein
SECTION 7: STROMAL LESIONS
Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia
Nodular Fasciitis
Fibromatosis
Myofibroblastoma
Lipoma and Angiolipoma
Fibroadenoma
Phyllodes Tumor
Granular Cell Tumor
Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia
Hemangiomas
Atypical Vascular Lesions: Post Radiation
Angiosarcoma
Sarcomas
SECTION 8: INFLAMMATORY LESIONS
Lactational Abscess
Nonlactational Abscess
Squamous Metaplasia of Lactiferous Ducts
Fat Necrosis
Duct Ectasia
Sarcoidosis
Amyloid of the Breast
Lupus Mastitis
IgG4-Related Sclerosing Mastitis
Lymphocytic Lobulitis/Mastopathy
Implant Pathology
Section 9: Other Types of Malignancies
Hematopathologic Malignancies
Metastases to Breast
SECTION 10: HEREDITARY BREAST DISEASE
Overview of Hereditary Breast Cancer
Table of Germline Mutations
BRCA1
BRCA2
Li-Fraumeni Syndrome