Περιεχόμενα
SECTION 1: AUTOPSY FUNDAMENTALS
INTRODUCTION
4 History of Autopsy
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD, FRCPA
8 Autopsy Safety
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
AUTOPSY PERFORMANCE
EXTERNAL EXAMINATION
10 Medical Intervention
Brandon T. Larsen, MD, PhD
14 Postmortem Changes and External Examination
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
INTERNAL EXAMINATION
18 Body Cavities
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD,
FRCPA
22 Cardiovascular System
Dylan V. Miller, MD
26 Respiratory System
Leslie A. Litzky, MD
30 Hematopoietic System
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD, FRCPA
36 Gastrointestinal System
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD, FRCPA
44 Hepatobiliary System
Rachel Hudacko, MD and Jeanine Chiaffarano, DO
50 Genitourinary System
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD, FRCPA
56 Endocrine System
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
62 Central Nervous System
Hasini Reddy, MD, DPhil
68 Peripheral Nervous System
Roy H. Rhodes, MD, PhD
72 Integumentary System
Dylan V. Miller, MD
76 Oral Cavity
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
80 Medical Devices
Brandon T. Larsen, MD, PhD
LABORATORY TESTING
84 Chemistry
Rachel Hudacko, MD
86 Microbiology
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD, FRCPA
90 Cytology
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD, FRCPA
POSTMORTEM IMAGING
96 Postmortem Radiography and Virtual Autopsy
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
POSTMORTEM HISTOLOGY
102 Postmortem Histology
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
AUTOPSY CONSENT AND REPORTING
AUTOPSY CONSENT
106 Consent Process and Legal Considerations
Dylan V. Miller, MD
AUTOPSY REPORTING
110 Death Certificate
Billie S. Fyfe, MD and Alex Williamson, MD
114 Autopsy Report
Corinne L. Fligner, MD and Dylan V. Miller, MD
118 Presenting Autopsy Findings
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD, FRCPA
SECTION 2: ORGAN SYSTEM APPROACH TO AUTOPSY
SUDDEN AND UNEXPECTED DEATH
CARDIOVASCULAR
122 Pulmonary Thromboembolism
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
124 Acute Myocardial Infarction
Vidhya Nair, MD and Dylan V. Miller, MD
128 Cardiomyopathy
Dylan V. Miller, MD
132 Myocarditis
Monica P. Revelo, MD, PhD and Dylan V. Miller, MD
138 Cardiac Conduction System
Dylan V. Miller, MD
144 Aortic Dissection
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
150 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
RESPIRATORY
152 Pulmonary Edema
Leslie A. Litzky, MD
156 Pulmonary Hemorrhage
Leslie A. Litzky, MD
160 Tension Pneumothorax
Leslie A. Litzky, MD
GASTROINTESTINAL
164 Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD,
FRCPA
168 Lower Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Rachel Hudacko, MD and Jeanine Chiaffarano, DO
172 Intestinal Ischemia
Rachel Hudacko, MD
HEPATOBILIARY
176 Hepatic Hemorrhage
Rachel Hudacko, MD
180 Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis
Rachel Hudacko, MD
184 Acute Liver Failure
Rachel Hudacko, MD and Jeanine Chiaffarano, DO
GENITOURINARY
188 Pregnancy Complications
Corinne L. Fligner, MD
194 Acute Renal Failure
Monica P. Revelo, MD, PhD and Paisit Paueksakon, MD
ENDOCRINE
204 Adrenal Insufficiency
Dylan V. Miller, MD
208 Adrenocortical Excess
Patrick Lento, MD
CNS
212 Seizure Disorders
Hasini Reddy, MD, DPhil
216 Subdural Hemorrhage
Roy H. Rhodes, MD, PhD
220 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Roy H. Rhodes, MD, PhD
224 Stroke
Hasini Reddy, MD, DPhil
POSTOPERATIVE/POST-INTERVENTIONAL DEATH
IATROGENIC
230 Therapeutic Complications
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
CARDIOVASCULAR
234 Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Dylan V. Miller, MD
238 Coronary Artery Stenting
Dylan V. Miller, MD
242 Valve Replacement (Including Transcatheter)
Brandon T. Larsen, MD, PhD
248 Ventricular Assist Devices
Brandon T. Larsen, MD, PhD
252 Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Billie S. Fyfe, MD and George P. Batsides, MD
GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEPATOBILIARY
258 Pancreas Resection
Rachel Hudacko, MD and Jeanine Chiaffarano, DO
262 Gastrectomy and Esophagectomy
Rachel Hudacko, MD
266 Bariatric Surgery
Rachel Hudacko, MD
CNS
270 Central Nervous System Tumors
Roy H. Rhodes, MD, PhD
276 Cerebral Aneurysm and Vascular Malformation
Roy H. Rhodes, MD, PhD
SECTION 3: DISEASE PROCESS APPROACH TO AUTOPSY
TRANSPLANTATION
284 Heart Transplant
Dylan V. Miller, MD
290 Lung Transplant
Leslie A. Litzky, MD
294 Kidney Transplant
Monica P. Revelo, MD, PhD and Paisit Paueksakon, MD
304 Liver Transplant
Rachel Hudacko, MD and Patrick Lento, MD
310 Pancreas Transplant
Monica P. Revelo, MD, PhD
314 Bone Marrow Transplant
Dylan V. Miller, MD
318 Deceased Donor Autopsy
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
INFECTION-RELATED DEATH
SYSTEMIC INFECTION/SEPSIS OVERVIEW
320 HIV/AIDS
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD, FRCPA
324 Shock and Sepsis
Billie S. Fyfe, MD and Christine Minerowicz, MD
ORGAN SYSTEM INFECTION
330 Bronchopneumonia
Leslie A. Litzky, MD
334 Infective Endocarditis
Dylan V. Miller, MD
338 Clostridium difficile Enterocolitis
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
342 Viral Hepatitis
Rachel Hudacko, MD and Jeanine Chiaffarano, DO
346 Urosepsis
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD, FRCPA
NEOPLASIA-ASSOCIATED DEATH
350 Neoplasia-Associated Death
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
356 Death Due to Paraneoplastic Effect
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD, FRCPA
OTHER COMMON HOSPITAL DEATH
360 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Harold Sanchez, MD, FCAP and Rebecca A. Irvine, MD, FRCPA
364 Ventilator Dependent Respiratory Failure
Leslie A. Litzky, MD
368 Chronic Liver Failure
Rachel Hudacko, MD and Jeanine Chiaffarano, DO
374 Chronic Renal Failure
Monica P. Revelo, MD, PhD
382 Dementia and Neurodegenerative Disease
Hasini Reddy, MD, DPhil
AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE-RELATED DEATH
386 Amyloidosis
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
390 SLE/MCTD
David Priemer, MD
394 Dermatomyositis
David Priemer, MD
398 Arteritis
Billie S. Fyfe, MD
