Section 1 Anatomy of the Pancreas
1 Development of the Pancreas and Related Structures
Brian Lewis and Junhao Mao
2 Anatomy, Histology, and Fine Structure of the Pancreas
Daniel S. Longnecker and Elizabeth D. Thompson
3 Congenital and Inherited Anomalies of the Pancreas
Heiko Witt and Martin Zenker
Section 2 Physiology and Pathophysiology of Pancreatic Functions
4 Physiology of Acinar Cell Secretion
Ole H. Petersen
5 Physiology of Duct Cell Secretion
Wei-Yin Lin, Paramita Sarkar, and Shmuel Muallem
6 Physiology and Pathophysiology of Function of Sphincter of Oddi
Savio George Barreto and James Toouli
7 Neurohormonal and Hormonal Control of Pancreatic Secretion
Chung Owyang and Matthew J. DiMagno
8 Regulation of Pancreatic Protein Synthesis and Growth
Maria Dolors Sans and John A. Williams
9 Fibrogenesis in the Pancreas: The Role of Pancreatic Stellate Cells
Minoti V. Apte, Romano C. Pirola, and Jeremy S. Wilson
10 Pancreatic Endocrine–Exocrine Relationship
Kenichiro Furuyama and Yoshiya Kawaguchi
Section 3 Acute Pancreatitis
11 Epidemiology and Etiology of Alcohol-Induced Pancreatitis
Jeremy S. Wilson, Romano C. Pirola, and Minoti V. Apte
12 Epidemiology and Etiology of Biliary Acute Pancreatitis
Ippei Ikoma, Ko Tomishima, and Hiroyuki Isayama
13 Genetic Factors in Acute Pancreatitis
Mitchell L. Ramsey and Georgios I. Papachristou
14 The Role of the Intestine and Mesenteric Lymph in the Development of Organ Dysfunction in Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Alistair B.J. Escott, Anthony R.J. Phillips, and John A. Windsor
15 The Role of Neurogenic Inflammation in Pancreatitis
Metrah Mohammad Nader and Jami L. Saloman
16 Molecular, Biochemical, and Metabolic Abnormalities of Acute Pancreatitis
Ujjwal M. Mahajan, F. Ulrich Weiss, Markus M. Lerch, and Julia Mayerle
17 Histopathology of Acute Pancreatitis
Günter Klöppel
18 Severity Classification of Acute Pancreatitis
John A. Windsor
19 Clinical Assessment and Biochemical Markers to Objectify Severity and Prognosis
Bettina M. Rau and Claus Schäfer
20 Acute Pancreatitis Associated with Congenital Anomalies
Charlotte S. Austin, Christopher R. Schlieve, Andrew L. Warshaw, and Tracy C. Grikscheit
21 Acute Pancreatitis in Children
Mark E. Lowe and Véronique D. Morinville
22 Acute Pancreatitis Associated with Metabolic, Infections, and Drug-Related Diseases
Ali A. Aghdassi, Mats L. Wiese, Quang Trung Tran, and Markus M. Lerch
23 Radiologic Diagnosis and Staging of Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Yoshihisa Tsuji
24 Conservative Therapy of Acute Pancreatitis: Volume Substitution and Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition
Steven M. Hadley and Timothy B. Gardner
25 ICU Treatment of Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Scott R. Gunn and David C. Whitcomb
26 Clinical Course and Medical Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis—Use of Antibiotics in Severe Acute Pancreatitis: Indications and Limitations
Rainer Isenmann and Mathias Wittau
27 Indications for Interventional and Surgical Treatment of Necrotizing Pancreatitis
Lily V. Saadat and Thomas E. Clancy
28 Management of Infected Necrosis: Step-Up Approach
Hester C. Timmerhuis, Marc G. Besselink, and Hjalmar C. van Santvoort
29 Management of Infected Pancreatic Necroses: An Endoscopic Approach
Todd Huntley Baron
30 Minimally Invasive Debridement and Lavage of Necrotizing Pancreatitis
Kulbir Mann and Michael G.T. Raraty
31 Open Surgical Debridement of Necrotizing Pancreatitis: Late Postoperative Morbidity and Outcome
Dongya Huang, Zipeng Lu, and Yi Miao
32 Endoscopic Treatment of Biliary Acute Pancreatitis
Ichiro Yasuda, Tsuyoshi Mukai, and Toru Ito
33 Strategies for the Treatment of Pancreatic Pseudocysts and Walled-Off Necrosis After Acute Pancreatitis: Interventional Endoscopic Approaches
Georg Beyer and Julia Mayerle
34 Pseudocysts and Walled-Off Necrosis After Acute Pancreatitis: Surgical Approach
Naohiro Sata, Masaru Koizumi, and Alan Kawarai Lefor
35 Management of Fluid Collection in Acute Pancreatitis
Georg Beyer, Simon Sirtl, Christoph Ammer-Herrmenau, and Albrecht Neesse
36 Management of Pancreatic Fistula in Acute Pancreatitis
Marta Sandini, Thilo Hackert, and Markus W. Büchler
37 Long-Term Outcome After Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis
Christin Tjaden and Thilo Hackert
Section 4 Chronic Pancreatitis
38 Definition and Classification of Chronic Pancreatitis
David C. Whitcomb
39 Molecular Understanding of Chronic Pancreatitis
Bomi Lee, Monique T. Barakat, and Sohail Z. Husain
40 Natural History of Recurrent Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis
Rohit Das, Jorge D. Machicado, and Dhiraj Yadav
41 Pediatric Recurrent Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis: Role of Pancreas Divisum
Jiri Snajdauf, Michal Rygl, Barbora Kucerova, and Natalia Petrasova
42 Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis
Georg Beyer, Markus M. Lerch, and Julia Mayerle
43 Abdominal Imaging for the Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis
Atsushi Irisawa and Akira Yamamiya
44 Endoscopic Ultrasound for Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis Versus Pancreatic Cancer
J. Enrique Domínguez-Muñoz, Julio Iglesias-García, José Lariño-Noia, and Daniel de la Iglesia-García
45 Hereditary Pancreatitis and Complex Genetic Causes
Celeste Shelton Ohlsen and David C. Whitcomb
46 Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Tropical Chronic Pancreatitis
Shailesh V. Shrikhande and Savio G. Barreto
47 CFTR-Associated Pancreatic Disease
Chee Y. Ooi and Aliye Uc
48 Alcohol and Smoking in Chronic Pancreatitis
Atsushi Masamune, Kazuhiro Kikuta, and Kiyoshi Kume
49 Idiopathic and Rare Causes of Chronic Pancreatitis
Morihisa Hirota and Tooru Shimosegawa
50 Early Chronic Pancreatitis
Kazuhiro Kikuta and Atsushi Masamune
51 Chronic Pancreatitis with Inflammatory Mass in the Pancreatic Head
Ulrich F. Wellner, Kim C. Honselmann, and Tobias Keck
52 Structural Complications: Strictures, Stones, Pseudocysts, and Vascular Complications
Xiaodong Tian, Xiaochao Guo, and Yinmo Yang
53 Nutritional Evaluation and Support: An Overview
Sinead N. Duggan and Stephen J. O’Keefe
54 Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency
Chris E. Forsmark
55 Bone Disease in Chronic Pancreatitis
Sinead N. Duggan
56 Diabetes from Exocrine Pancreatic Disease
Nao Fujimori, Tetsuhide Ito, and Yoshihiro Ogawa
57 Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Chronic Pancreatitis
Soumya Jagannath Mahapatra and Pramod Kumar Garg
58 Pain Mechanisms in Chronic Pancreatitis
Pierluigi Di Sebastiano, Fabio Francesco di Mola, Tommaso Grottola, and Rossana Percario
59 Pain Management in Chronic Pancreatitis
Louise Kuhlmann, Søren S. Olesen, and Asbjørn M. Drewes
60 Adjunctive Therapy in Chronic Pancreatitis
Anna Evans Phillips
61 Pancreatic Cancer Risks in Chronic Pancreatitis
Patrick Maisonneuve and Albert B. Lowenfels
62 Evidence of Endoscopic and Interventional Treatment of Chronic Pancreatitis and
Pseudocysts
Jörg Schirra, Simon Sirtl, Markus M. Lerch, and Julia Mayerle
63 Major Pancreatic Resection for Chronic Pancreatitis: Indication, Goals, and Limitations
Faik G. Uzunoglu and Jakob R. Izbicki
64 Pancreatic Drainage Procedures: Techniques and Results
Ulrich F. Wellner, Dirk Bausch, and Tobias Keck
65 Duodenum-Preserving Pancreatic Head Resections for Chronic Pancreatitis: Techniques and Results
Hans G. Beger, Bertram Poch, Yang Yinmo, and Waldemar Uhl
66 Total Pancreatectomy with Islet Autotransplantation
Greg Beilman, Zachary Bergman, and Melana Bellin
67 Minimally Invasive Surgical Management of Chronic Pancreatitis
Gilbert Z. Murimwa1, Matthew R. Porembka1, and Herbert J. Zeh III
Section 5 Autoimmune Pancreatitis
68 Epidemiology of Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Terumi Kamisawa
69 Molecular Immunology and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Yoh Zen
70 Clinical Manifestation of Type 1 Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Tooru Shimosegawa
71 Clinical Manifestation of Type 2 Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Nicolò de Pretis and Luca Frulloni
72 Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Tooru Shimosegawa
73 Laboratory Diagnosis of Autoimmune Pancreatitis
J.-Matthias Löhr and Miroslav Vujasinovic
74 What Is the Evidence Measuring Immune Markers
Shigeyuki Kawa, Takayuki Watanabe, and Norihiro Ashihara
75 Autoimmune Pancreatitis and IgG4-Related Disease
Kazuichi Okazaki, Tsukasa Ikeura, and Kazushige Uchida
76 Imaging Diagnosis of Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Kazuichi Okazaki, Makoto Takaoka, Tsukasa Ikeura, and Kazushige Uchida
77 Medical Management of Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Shounak Majumder and Suresh T. Chari
78 Management of Intractable Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Shounak Majumder and Suresh T. Chari
79 Long-Term Outcome After Treatment of Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Luca Frulloni and Nicolò de Pretis
Section 6 Neoplastic Tumors of the Exocrine Tissue: Benign Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas
80 Epidemiology of Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas
Shounak Majumder and Suresh T. Chari
81 Histologic Classification and Staging of Cystic Neoplasm
Noriyoshi Fukushima and Giuseppe Zamboni
82 Molecular Mechanisms of Cystic Neoplasia
Nickolas Papadopoulos and Ralph H. Hruban
83 Clinical Presentation of Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms
Masao Tanaka
84 Evaluation of Cystic Lesions Using EUS, MRI, and CT
Anne Marie Lennon and Atif Zaheer
85 Cytologic Evaluation of Cystic Neoplasm: The Role of Liquid Biopsy
Abdulwahab Ewaz and Michelle D. Reid
86 Natural History of Cystic Neoplasm: IPMN, MCN, SCN, and SPN
Rosa Klotz, Thilo Hackert, and Markus W. Büchler
87 Surveillance or Surgical Treatment in Asymptomatic Cystic Neoplasm
Klaus Sahora and Carlos Fernández-del Castillo
88 Artificial Intelligence in the Detection and Surveillance of Cystic Neoplasms
Linda C. Chu and Elliot K Fishman
89 Oncologic Resection of IPMN and MCN: Open Approach—Results
Marco Del Chiaro, Michael J. Kirsch, and Richard D. Schulick
90 Surgical Treatment of Cystic Neoplasms: Laparoscopic and Robotic Approach—Results
Benedict Kinny-Köster, Christopher L. Wolfgang, Markus W. Büchler, and Thilo Hackert
91 Robotic-Assisted Resection of Cystic Neoplasms
Kimberly Kopecky and Jin He
92 Duodenum-Preserving Pancreatic Head Resection for Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreatic Head: Indication and Limitations
Hans G. Beger and Bertram Poch
93 Pancreatic Middle Segment Resection of Cystic Neoplasms: Indications and Limitations
Calogero Iacono and Mario De Bellis
94 Tumor Enucleation for Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas: Indications and Limitations
Rachel C. Kim, C. Max Schmidt, and Henry A. Pitt
95 Duodenum-Preserving Pancreatic Head Resection and Local Extirpation of SPTP in Children and Adolescents: Indication and Long-Term Results
Jiri Snajdauf, Michal Rygl, Barbora Kucerova, and Natalia Petrasova
96 Management of Recurrence of Cystic Neoplasms
Anna Nießen, Christopher L. Wolfgang, Thilo Hackert, and Markus W. Büchler
97 Long-Term Outcome After Observation and Surgical Treatment of Cystic Neoplasm: What Is the Evidence?
Roberto Salvia, Giovanni Marchegiani, Giampaolo Perri, and Claudio Bassi
Section 7 Neoplastic Tumors of the Endocrine Pancreas: Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas
98 Epidemiology and Classification of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas
J.J. Mukherjee, Kok O. Lee, and Gregory Kaltsas
99 Pathology of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Atsuko Kasajima and Hironobu Sasano
100 Molecular Genetics of Neuroendocrine Tumors
Nickolas Papadopoulos and Ralph H. Hruban
101 What Is the Origin of Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors?
Aurel Perren, Iacovos P. Michael, and Ilaria Marinoni
102 Clinical Manifestation of Endocrine Tumors of the Pancreas
Tetsuhide Ito, Keijiro Ueda, Nao Fujimori, and Robert T. Jensen
103 Evidence of Hormonal, Laboratory, Biochemical, and Instrumental Diagnostics of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas
Kok O. Lee, Gregory Kaltsas, and J.J. Mukherjee
104 Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in Multiple Neoplasia Syndromes
Anja Rinke and Thomas Matthias Gress
105 Non-Functioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm: Diagnosis and Management Principles
Takao Ohtsuka, Yuto Hozaka, and Hiroshi Kurahara
106 Medical and Nucleotide Treatment of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas
Marina Tsoli and Gregory Kaltsas
107 Interventional Radiology in the Treatment of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Tetsuya Idichi, Hiroshi Kurahara, and Takao Ohtsuka
108 Enucleation of Benign, Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas
Frank Weber, Andreas Machens, and Henning Dralle
109 Duodenum-Preserving Pancreatic Head Resection or Local Extirpation of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas Larger than 2 cm
Takashi Hatori
110 Individualized Surgery for Nonfunctional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (NF-pNET) <2 cm: Indication, Surgical Principles, and Long-Term Outcome
Charles de Ponthaud, Julien De Martino, and Sébastien Gaujoux
111 Surgical Treatment of Endocrine Tumors: Major Oncologic Resection
Frank Weber, Andreas Machens, and Henning Dralle
112 The Management of Insulinoma
Keijiro Ueda, Nao Fujimori, Robert T. Jensen, and Tetsuhide Ito
113 Evidence of Medical and Surgical Treatment of Gastrinoma
Ryuichiro Doi
114 Rare Neuroendocrine Tumors of Pancreas: Management and Evidence of Surgical Treatment
Ryuichiro Doi
115 Treatment of Neuroendocrine Neoplasia of the Pancreas and Biliary Tract
Andrea Frilling, Ashley K. Clift, and Vito Cicinnati
116 Survival After Treatment of Endocrine Tumors
Zhe Cao and Taiping Zhang
Section 8 Neoplastic Tumors of Exocrine Tissue: Pancreatic Cancer
117 Epidemiology of Pancreatic Cancer
Evelina Mocci and Alison P. Klein
118 Smoking, a Risk for Pancreatic Cancer: Experimental and Clinical Data
Uwe A. Wittel, Bradley R. Hal, and Surinder K. Batra
119 Molecular Understanding of Development of Ductal Pancreatic Cancer
Jae W. Lee, Ralph H. Hruban, and Laura D. Wood
120 From Tissue Turnover to the Cell of Origin of Pancreatic Cancer
Bo Kong, Eva Thoma, and Christoph W. Michalski
121 Microbiome of Pancreatic Cancer: Involvement in Cancer Development and Chemo-/Immunotherapy
Xianjun Yu
122 Molecular Subtypes and Clinical Applications
Maarten F. Bijlsma and Peter Bailey
123 Tumor Microenvironment: Immune Cells and Immunosuppressive Functions of Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts and Macrophages
Tony Pang, Zhihong Xu, Chamini Perera, and Minoti V. Apte
124 Familial Pancreatic Cancer
Alison P. Klein
125 Pathology of Exocrine Pancreatic Tumors
Meredith E. Pittman and Ralph H. Hruban
126 Pancreatic Cancer: Precancerous Lesions
Michael J. Pflüger, Michaël Noë, and Lodewijk A.A. Brosens
127 Clinical History and Risk Factors of Pancreatic Cancer
Norbert Hüser, Volker Aßfalg, and Helmut Friess
128 The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Neoplastic Lesions
Yoshiki Hirooka, Senju Hashimoto, and Eizaburo Ohno
129 Radiologic Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer: CT, MRI
Hannah S. Recht and Elliot K. Fishman
130 Screening of Hereditary Pancreatic Cancer
Michael Goggins
131 The Role of PET in Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer and Cancer Recurrence
Norbert Hüser, Volker Aßfalg, Isabel Rauscher, and Helmut Friess
132 Tumor Markers in Pancreatic Malignancies
Shin Hamada and Atsushi Masamune
133 The Role of Laparoscopy and Peritoneal Cytology in the Management of Pancreatic Cancer
Yosuke Kasai, Kyoichi Takaori, and Etsuro Hatano
134 Clinical Assessment and Staging of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
James M. Lindberg, Giles F. Whalen, and Jennifer LaFemina
135 Pancreatic Cancer: Indications for Resection
Akimasa Nakao and Suguru Yamada
136 Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Cancer, Short and Long-Term Outcome After Kausch-Whipple and Pylorus-Preserving Pancreatoduodenectomy
Benedict Kinny-Köster, John L. Cameron, and Jin He
137 Left Pancreatectomy for Body and Tail Cancer
Jony van Hilst, Mohammad Abu Hilal, and Marc Besselink
138 Total Pancreatectomy: Indication and Limitations
Seiko Hirono and Hiroki Yamaue
139 Minimally Invasive Resection for Pancreatic Cancer
Patricio M. Polanco, Imad Radi, and Herbert J. Zeh
140 Robotic Resection for Pancreatic Cancer
Renyi Qin
141 Extended Radical Surgery for Pancreatic Cancer
Thilo Hackert, Anna Nießen, and Markus W. Büchler
142 Palliative Pancreatic Resection: Is it Justified?
Kira C. Steinkraus, Max Heckler, Christoph W. Michalski, and Felix J. Hüttner
143 Outcome of Patients after R0 Resection for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer – Combined with Hepatic Metastasectomy: Indication and Limitations
Tingbo Liang
144 Bypass Surgery for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Eva Thoma, Thilo Hackert, Christoph W. Michalski, and Felix J. Hüttner
145 Endoscopic and Interventional Palliation of Pancreatic Cancer
Kazumasa Nagai and Takao Itoi
146 Neoadjuvant Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: Evidence for Treatment Effect
Robert A. Wolff
147 Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Does the Addition of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Lead to a Significant Survival Improvement after R0 Resection?
Marco Del Chiaro, Michael J. Kirsch, and Richard D. Schulick
148 Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer: First-Line and Second-Line Treatment—Benefits of Survival
Kulbir Mann, Robert P. Jones, Paula Ghaneh, and John P. Neoptolemos
149 Role of Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer
Baho U. Sidiqi, Abhinav V. Reddy, Joseph M. Herman, and Amol K. Narang
150 Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer: Check-Point Blockade and Vaccine Therapy
Arsen Osipov, Adrian G. Murphy, and Lei Zheng
151 Targeted Therapies for Pancreatic Cancer
Anirban Maitra
152 Precision Cancer Medicine
Grace Oh, Surajit Dhara, and Diane Simeone
153 Palliative Chemotherapy for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Treatment Modalities, Side Effects, and Benefits of Survival
Christoph Springfeld and Thomas Seufferlein
154 Management of Pain in Pancreatic Cancer
Annie W. Hsu, Ayodeji Omosule, and Michael Erdek
155 Management of Cancer Recurrence
Oliver Strobel, Martin Loos, and Markus W. Büchler
156 Survival and Late Morbidity after Resection of Pancreatic Cancer
Avinoam Nevler and Charles J. Yeo
Section 9 Periampullary Cancers and Tumors Other Than Pancreatic Cancer
157 Periampullary Tumors: Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Strategies
Jon M. Harrison and Keith D. Lillemoe
158 Histology and Genetics of Cancer of the Papilla, Distal Common Bile Duct, and Duodenum
Yue Xue, Michelle D. Reid, and Volkan Adsay
159 Adenoma and Adenocarcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater: Diagnosis and Management
Sahin Coban, Omer Basar, and William R. Brugge
160 Endoscopic Treatment of Adenomas of the Ampulla of Vater: Techniques, Results, Benefits, and Limitations
Natsuyo Yamamoto and Hiroyuki Isayama
161 Surgical Treatment of Papillary and Ampullary Tumors: Management and Long-Term Results
Norbert Hüser, Volker Aßfalg, and Helmut Friess
162 Surgical Treatment of Duodenal Cancer
Fuyuhiko Motoi
163 Surgical Treatment of Distal Cholangiocarcinoma
Shunsuke Onoe, Yukihiro Yokoyama, and Tomoki Ebata
164 Adjuvant and Palliative Chemotherapy of Periampullary Cancers
Arachchige D.N.R. Ponweera, Paula Ghaneh, and John P. Neoptolemos
165 Long-Term Survival after Resection of Periampullary Cancer
Hideyuki Yoshitomi, Masayuki Ohtsuka, and Masaru Miyazaki
Section 10 Transplantation of the Pancreas
166 Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets
Joseph Sushil Rao, Melena D. Bellin, and Bernhard J. Hering
167 Transplantation of the Pancreas
Rainer W.G. Gruessner and Angelika C. Gruessner
